Understanding Type 2 Diabetes

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, affecting millions of people globally. Unlike Type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune condition, this form of diabetes is largely associated with lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, and body weight.

However, genetics also play a significant role. At Tactus Health, we want to help you understand this unpleasant condition, its causes, symptoms, and how it can be effectively managed and even prevented.

What Causes Type 2 Diabetes?

It occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin, or when the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin to meet the body’s needs. This insulin resistance means that glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of being used by the cells for energy. Several factors contribute to the development of Type 2 diabetes, including:

Obesity and Physical Inactivity: Excess body fat, particularly around the abdomen, and a sedentary lifestyle are major risk factors.
Genetics: A family history of diabetes increases the risk.
Age: The risk increases with age, especially after 45.
Ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, including African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asians, are at higher risk.

Symptoms

The symptoms often develop gradually and may include:

Increased thirst and frequent urination
Increased hunger
Fatigue
Blurred vision
Slow healing of sores or frequent infections
Areas of darkened skin, usually in the armpits and neck
Unexplained weight loss
Tingling or numbness in the hands and feet
Recurrent yeast infections or urinary tract infections
Irritability or mood changes
Difficulty concentrating
Dry mouth and skin

Early detection is crucial, as many people may not experience symptoms until the condition is advanced.

Managing Type 2 Diabetes

This form of diabetes can often be managed and even reversed with lifestyle changes and medications. Key management strategies include:

Healthy Eating: Adopting a diabetes-friendly diet that includes whole grains, lean proteins, vegetables, and healthy fats. Carbohydrate counting and understanding the glycemic index can help control blood sugar levels.
Regular Physical Activity: Exercise helps improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels. A combination of aerobic exercises, such as walking or cycling, and resistance training is recommended.
Weight Management: Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight is one of the most effective ways to manage the condition and reduce the risk of complications.
Medication: When lifestyle changes are not enough, medications such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin therapy may be prescribed to help control blood sugar levels.
Monitoring Blood Sugar: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is essential to ensure that management strategies are effective.

Preventing Type 2 Diabetes

This condition is largely preventable through lifestyle modifications. Key prevention strategies include maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, staying physically active, and avoiding tobacco use.

For those at high risk, participating in a diabetes prevention program can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing the condition.

The Bottom Line

Type 2 diabetes is a manageable condition with the right approach to diet, exercise, and medication. By making informed lifestyle choices and staying proactive about your health, you can effectively manage this condition and prevent its complications.

At Tactus Health, we are here to support you every step of the way on your journey to better health.

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